出版社：Asociación Latinoamericana de Profesores de Medicina Familiar A.C.
摘要：Objetivo: Comparar características epidemiológicas de dos grupos de niños lactados al seno materno y de sus familias, según duración. Diseño: transversal comparativo. Material y Métodos: Entrevista a muestra no probabilística de 613 madres de lactantes de 6 a 15 meses de edad, adscritos a 50 consultorios de la UMF No. 66 I.M.S.S en Xalapa, Ver., entre marzo y noviembre/2003. A los resultados de la encuesta sobre características del nacimiento del lactante, socio-demográficas de su familia y comportamiento de la lactancia materna se aplicó χ2 y riesgo relativo. Resultados: Se identificaron 157 (25.6%) madres proporcionando lactancia menor ó igual a 5 meses y 456 (74.3%) con lactancia de 6 meses y más. Los factores relacionados con esta mayor duración fueron los productos a término (RR 0.31), los nacidos mediante parto (RR 0.70), los que no fueron llevados a guardería (RR 1,83 p = 0.027), madres dedicadas a labores del hogar (RR 0.55 p = 0.005), con unión estable (RR 0.54 p = 0.001) y las que tuvieron información formal sobre lactancia (RR 0.89), y entre las 395 (64.44%) madres que tenían hijos previamente, aquellas con experiencia de lactar (RR 0.32 p< 0.0001). Conclusiones: Es necesario redoblar esfuerzos para motivar y facilitar circunstancias que rodean a las madres en riesgo de un abandono temprano de la lactancia materna, como serían las que laboran fuera del hogar o que lactarán por primera vez
其他摘要：Objective: Our aim was to compare epidemiologic characteristics in two groups of breastfed children and their families. Study Design: We conducted a transversal and comparative study. Materials and Methods: We employed a non-probabilistic sample of 613 mothers of breastfed children from 615 months of age who were assigned to the Mexican Institute of Social Securitys (IMSS) Family Medical Unit 66s 50 physicians offices in Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico between March and November 2003. For data on sociodemographic characteristics including the breastfed childs birth and his/her maternal breastfeeding, we applied χ2 and relative risks (RR) tests. Results: We identified 157 (25.6%) mothers who provided breastfeeding for their children for ≤5 months and 456 (74.3%) with breastfeeding for 6 months or more. Factors related with the longer duration were term infants at birth (RR, 0.31), children born by means of a childbirth, children not taken to day care (RR, 1.83; p = 0.027), mothers who were homemakers (RR, 0.55; p = 0.005), with a stable union (RR, 0.54; p = 0.001), and those who were provided with formal breastfeeding information (RR, 0.89), and among mothers who had children previously and who had breastfeeding experience (RR, 0.32; p <0.0001). Conclusions: It is necessary to double efforts to motivate and offer facilities to mothers who are at risk for early abandonment of breast feeding, such as mothers working outside the home or who are breastfeeding for the first time
关键词：Lactancia materna; Familia; Medicina FamiliarBreast Feeding; Family; Family Practice
