出版社：Asociación Latinoamericana de Profesores de Medicina Familiar A.C.
摘要：Objetivo: Analizar las características familiares de los alumnos que acuden al centro de salud como parte de su rotación de internado. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo no aleatorio. Material y métodos: La información se obtuvo de 99 alumnos de tres generaciones de estudiantes del 5o. año de la carrera de médico cirujano, provenientes de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 32.3%, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza 24.2%, Instituto politécnico Nacional 22.2%, Universidad Justo Sierra 14.1% y la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana 7.1%; a través del análisis de los genogramas realizados durante su estancia en un Centro de Salud. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 24.7 años, 66.7% del sexo femenino y 33.3% masculino. El 79% eran sanos, las enfermedades más frecuentes fueron las endocrinopatías y las gastrointestinales, tres alumnos están en riesgo de muerte por enfermedades cardiovasculares y endocrinopatías severas. Un 20% provenían de un ambiente uniparental o reconstruido. La relación de la madre con el hijo fue: débil 15 casos (15.2%), positiva 78 (78.8%) y conflictiva seis (6.1%). Conclusiones: Se observa que hay mayor insatisfacción cuando la madre carece de preparación. Mayor satisfacción cuando la madre tiene enseñanza media completa. Los resultados sugieren que contar con una familia integrada facilita la realización estudios superiores y condiciones de salud. Lo importante es tomar en consideración como a pesar de tener todo en contra existen alumnos capaces de sobreponerse a la adversidad y llegar a la conclusión de sus estudios.
其他摘要：Objective: Our aim was to analyze the familial characteristics of pre-medical students rotating at primary-level healthcare centers in the Mexico City, Mexico metropolitan area during their medical internship. Design: Our study was descriptive, transversal, and retrospective. Materials and Methods: Information was obtained from direct interviews of 99 fifth-year pre-medical students of three generations of fifth-year students at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (23.3%,--Faculty of Higher Studies Zaragoza (24.2%) the National Polytechnical Institute (22.2%), the Justo Sierra University Medical School (14.1%), and at the Mexican Autonomous University (7.1%). Each student drew a genogram of his/her family that was analyzed during this study. Results: Seventy nine percent of students were healthy, most frequent illnesses were endocrinal and gastrointestinal diseases, and three students were at risk of death (severe cardiovascular and endocrinal problems). Twenty percent came from one-parent or reconstructed homes, with our understanding that these students possessed more possibilities of having to confront more problems during their studies than students with no familial or disease problems. The mother-son relationship was weak in 15 cases (15.2%), positive in 78 (78.8%), and conflictive in six (6.1%). Conclusions: Students had more conflicts with their mothers if the latter had a lower academic level, while students demonstrated greater satisfaction when the mother completed finished high school. Results suggest that having an integrated family facilitates health and education, and that it is important to take into consideration that even with problems there is a group of students capable of reaching beyond these and concluding their studies.
关键词：Family Characteristics; Family Life Cycles; Education Medical Undergraduate;Características familiares; Ciclo de vida familiar; Educación médica de pregrado
