出版社：Centro Interamericano de Investigaciones Psicológicas y Ciencias Afines
摘要：El objetivo principal del trabajo que se in- forma fue adaptar y validar la Escala de Creencia Global en un Mundo Justo ( Global Belief in a Just World Scale - GBJWS) de Lipkus (1991) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Se admi- nistró un instrumento de evaluación a 328 estu- diantes con edades entre 18 y 40 años ( M = 24.1; DT = 3.88), de los cuales el 36.6% eran hombres ( n = 120) y el 63.4% mujeres ( n = 208). Los re- sultados obtenidos sugieren adecuadas propieda- des psicométricas de la escala GBJWS en la muestra con la que se trabajó. Los análisis reali- zados confirman la unidimensionalidad de la es- cala. Asimismo, las puntuaciones en la GBJWS se relacionan positivamente con el autoritarismo del ala de derecha ( Right Wing Authoritarianism - RWA ), la orientación a la dominancia social ( So- cial Dominance Orientation - SDO) y negativa- mente con el autoposicionamiento ideológico político . Se considera que el estudio realizado abre una línea de investigación que permite la inda- gación sistemática de la creencia global en un mundo justo en contextos hispanoparlantes a par- tir de la construcción de una medida confiable y válida para el contexto argentino. Se recomienda la realización de futuros estudios que utilicen la GBJW en poblaciones diferentes a la estudiada, para así avanzar con respecto a la generalización y representatividad de los resultados presentados en este trabajo.
其他摘要：The researches on the Belief in a Just World (BJW) started in the 60’ with the experimentastudies carried out by Lerner (Lerner, 1965, 1980; Lerner & Clayton, 2011; Lerner & Simmons, 1966). Those studies pointed out that social injustices are frightening for individuals, therefo re they need to belief that everyone gets what deserve during his or her life to maintain the control over their environment. If people do not believes that things happen as consequences of their acts, they will feel exposed to undesirable situations that today happen to others, but tomorrow could happen to them. Then, to deny this threat, they blame the victims of injustice, attributing to them the responsibility for their suffering. During the last decades, different studies have shown that individuals from different cultures around the world believe that the world is a just place, and t he relations between this belief and socio-political factors (Furnham, 1993, 1998, 2003). In this vein, the system justification theory proposes that the BJW, together with the social dominance ori - entation (SDO; Jost & Hunyady, 2005; Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth & Malle, 1994), contributes to support and rationalize the social order denying social injustices by appealing to the merit of the dominant social groups. Moreover, there are ev - idence that the BJW is positively associated to right wing authoritarianism ( RWA - Altemeyer, 1996; Dalbert & Yamauchi, 1994; Moore, 2008) and political ideology self positioning (PI - Schlenker, Chambers & Le, 2012). The aim of this paper is to adapt and validate a Spanish version of the Global Belief in a Just World Scale (GBJWS) by Lipkus (1991) in a sample of university stu - dents . Hence, a self-reported questionnaire was administered to 328 university students of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( Argentina ) aged between 18 and 40 years old ( M = 24.1, SD = 3.88), 36.6% were male ( n = 120)and 63.4% female ( n = 208). Besides, 61.28% of the participants studied Psy chology and the remaining 38.72% studied Sociology, both at the University of Buenos Aires. Firstly a descriptive analysis of the items was performed. Secondly, the reliability of the scale was tested studding its internal consistence (α = .83). Simultaneously, the construct validity was test by an exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the validity of criteria was studied by analyzing the relations between the GBJW, RWA , SDO , and PI. The results suggest adequate psychometric properties of the GBJWS in this sample of university students and verified the unidimensionality of the scale ( χ 2 (df) = 54,01 (14) ; S-B χ 2 (df) = 41,77 (14) ; S-B χ 2 / (df) = 2,98; NNFI = .93; CFI = .96; ∆ 2 = .96; RMSEA = .08). Furthermore, GBJWS was positively associated with RWA ( r = .35; p < .01), SDO ( r = .36; p < .01) and negatively with PI ( r = -.37; p < .01). It is considered that this paper contributes to the measuring of the GBJW since presents an adaptation and validation of a scale that wasn’t available in Spanish. This study had been done with a university sample because the construction and following adaptations of the original scales were made in such population (Bègue, 2002; Dalbert, Lipkus, Sallay, & Goch, 2001; O`Connor, Morrison, T. & Morrison, M., 1996).
关键词：Palabras clave; Lipkus; Creencia Global en un Mundo Justo; Argentina; Validación; Autoposicionamiento ideológico político; RWA; SDO; Estudiantes universitarios;Key words; Lipkus; Global Belief in a Just World Scale; Argentina; Validation; Political ideology self positioning; RWA; SDO; University students
