摘要：Objetivos Describir características psicosociales en personas con diabetes tipo 2. Métodos Estudio transversal en 200 personas con diabetes. Se evaluó la autoestima, el estrés, la depresión y locus de control con Coopersmith, Seppo Aro, Zung y Escala de Locus de Control, respectivamente, todos con alfa de Cronbach de 77 a 85. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas, glucemia, antigüedad del diagnóstico y estadio de la diabetes. Se realizaron análisis descriptivo y comparaciones entre sexos con programas computarizados. Resultados Mujeres 74 %, edad 59,2+11,5, casados 80 %, ocupación 55 % hogar, escolaridad 3er. grado, antigüedad 10,3+8,5 años, glucemia 174,2+75,9 mg/dL, 81 % descontrolados o complicados. Autoestima media-baja 59 %, estrés alto 26 %, depresión severa 27 %, locus externo 41 %. Sin diferencias por sexo, excepto autoestima más alta en mujeres y glucemia mayor en hombres (p<0,05). Conclusiones Autoestima disminuida en la mitad de la muestra, estrés y/o depresión en la cuarta parte; alto locus externo. Sólo difiere la autoestima en mujeres.
其他摘要：Objectives To describe psychosocial characteristics of type 2 diabetes persons. Methods Cross-sectional study of 200 diabetic persons. Self-esteem, stress, depression and control locus were evaluated with Coopersmith, Seppo Aro, Zung and Control Locus Scale respectively, all of them with Cronbach´s alpha from 77 to 85. Sociodemografic variables, glycemia, seniority and diabetes staging were recorded. Descriptive analysis and comparisons between sexes were made using several software. Results Seventy four percent were females, age 59.2+11.5; 80 % married, 55 % were housekeepers, 3rd grade schooling, seniority of 10.3+8.5 years, glycemia equal to 174.2+75.9 mg/dL, 81 % presented with uncontrolled diabetes or complications. Also, 59 % showed medium to low self-esteem, 26 % were highly stressed, 27 % suffered severe depression, external locus found in 41 %. No difference found between sexes except for greater self-esteem in women and higher glycemic values in men (p<0,05). Conclusions Lower self-esteem in half of the sample, stress and/or depression in one fourth of the participants, high external locus. Self-esteem only differs in women.
关键词：Diabetes tipo 2;factores psicosociales;primer nivel de atención;Type 2 diabetes;psychosocial factors;primary care level
