摘要：Objetivo: Conocer las condiciones bacteriológicas del agua para uso y consumo humano de Tabasco, analizadas durante el 2003. Material y métodos: Se realizó estudio observacional, retrospectivo y transversal, de las diferentes fuentes de agua para uso y consumo humano; se buscó; presencia de coliformes totales, coliformes fecales, Salmonella y Vibrio cholerae; las muestras procedieron de los diferentes municipios y se procesaron durante el 2003, en el laboratorio de Salud Pública de Tabasco. Resultados: Se estudiaron 2,387 muestras de agua: 356 fueron de lagunas y ríos, de 31 muestras, se encontraron 22 con coliformes totales (71%), y, 11 coliformes fecales (85%) ambos fuera de norma. De 326 muestras, 76 fueron positivas a Vibrio cholerae NO O1 (32%). De 187 muestras de pozos, en 47 se busco coliformes totales encontrandose 44 fuera de norma (94%) de esas mismas, 11coliformes fecales fuera de norma (23%). De 145 muestras de pozos, 21 fueron positivas a Vibrio cholerae NO O1 (14%). Se procesaron 1123 muestras de agua potable, 678 presentaron coliformes totales (60%) y 340 con coliformes fecales (30%). En 437 muestras de agua potable, 22 fueron positivas a Vibrio cholerae NO O1 (5%). De 450 muestras de agua purificada, 93 presentaron, coliformes totales fuera de norma (23%); a 86 de estas, se investigó Vibrio cholerae y 2 fueron positivas (2%). Fueron analizados 244 hisopos: 165 de aguas blancas, y 79 de aguas negras, encontrándose Vibrio cholerae NO O1 en 39 de aguas blancas y 20 de aguas negras. Conclusión: Los indicadores de contaminación bacteriana analizados en aguas de lagunas, ríos, agua potable, aguas negras; se encuentraron elevados y significan un riesgo para la salud de la población. Se deberán realizar acciones multisectoriales que protejan la fuentes de agua para consumo humano.
其他摘要：Objective: To get to know the bacteriological conditions of water for human consumption and use in Tabasco, analyzed during 2003. Method and materials: Transversal, retrospective and observational study was made, of the different sources of water for human consumption and use; we searched; total colliform presence, faecal colliform, salmonella and vibrio cholerae, the samples came from the different municipalities and were processed during 2003 in the Tabasco public health laboratory. Results: 2387 water samples were studied: 356 and 11 faecal colliforms (85%) both of them out of rule. Out of 326 samples, 76 were vibrio cholerae no 01 positive (32%). From 187 well samples, total colliforms were searched in 47 of them finding 44 out of rule (94%). From the same group, 11faecal colliforms were out of rule (23%). 145 wells samples, 21 were vibrio cholerae positive no 01(14%). 1123 potable water samples were processed, 678 showed total colliforms (60%) and 340 faecal colliforms (30%). In 437 potable water samples, 22 were vibrio cholerae positive no 01 (5%). From 450 purified water samples, 93 showed total colliforms out of rule (23%); 86 of these, vibrio cholerae was searched and 2 of them were positive (2%). 244 hyssops were analyzed: 165 of clean water, and 79 of waste water, having found vibrio cholerae no 01 in 39 clean water and 20 of waste water. Conclusion: The bacterial contamination indicators analyzed in water of lakes, rivers, potable water, waste water: were found high and they are a significant risk for the health of the population. Multisectorialactions must be performed to protect the water sources for human consumption.
关键词：enterobacteria; potable (drinkable) water; sea; river and lake water;Enterobacterias; agua potable; agua de ríos y lagunas; agua de mar
