摘要：Executive Functions (EF) concern a range of abilities including problem-solving, planning, initiation, self- monitoring, conscious attention, cope with new situa - tions and the ability to modify plans if necessary. It’s a high cognitive function that is crucial for a person to get engaged and maintain daily activities whilst keeping a good quality of life. Problems in the EF were formerly known as Dysexecutive Syndrome (DS). There are many models concerning DS, although the literature on the subject still remains unclear. Several works appoint the effects brought by elderly life, as well as abuse of drugs and some psychopathologies. These factors are known to increase the distress of the frontal circuits and that could be associated to executive deficits. The effects of DS would compromise individuals in day-to-day routi - ne, academic, social and labor fields. There is a growing body of studies trying to determine the causes, implica - tions, associations and the best way to take care of these effects. This work intends to review DS, focusing on the most important fields related to this area, such as psycho - pathology associations, cognitive reserve, assessment and cognitive rehabilitation programs.
其他摘要：Executive Functions (EF) concern a range of abilities including problem-solving, planning, initiation, self- monitoring, conscious attention, cope with new situa - tions and the ability to modify plans if necessary. It’s a high cognitive function that is crucial for a person to get engaged and maintain daily activities whilst keeping a good quality of life. Problems in the EF were formerly known as Dysexecutive Syndrome (DS). There are many models concerning DS, although the literature on the subject still remains unclear. Several works appoint the effects brought by elderly life, as well as abuse of drugs and some psychopathologies. These factors are known to increase the distress of the frontal circuits and that could be associated to executive deficits. The effects of DS would compromise individuals in day-to-day routi - ne, academic, social and labor fields. There is a growing body of studies trying to determine the causes, implica - tions, associations and the best way to take care of these effects. This work intends to review DS, focusing on the most important fields related to this area, such as psycho - pathology associations, cognitive reserve, assessment and cognitive rehabilitation programs.
