期刊名称:Revista Intercontinental de Psicología y Educación
印刷版ISSN:0187-7690
出版年度:2010
卷号:12
期号:1
页码:11-31
语种:Spanish
出版社:Universidad Intercontinental
摘要:Objetivo: Identificar, correlacionar y comparar las actitudes del personal educativo de educación básica, media básica y media superior, ante el estudiante usuario de drogas, incluyendo percepción, afecto y disposición conductual. Método: estudio transversal, correlacional, comparativo, ex post facto, con una muestra no probabilística de 1 670 personas. Se desarrolló un cuestionario autoaplicable con cuatro secciones: datos sociodemográficos y aspectos cognitivos, afectivos y conativo-conductuales de las actitudes de los sujetos ante el joven estudiante consumidor de drogas. Resultados: Se encontraron correlaciones por lo general bajas, pero relevantes, entre los componentes de la actitud, así como diferencias significativas en la actitud del personal de los distintos niveles educativos. Así, se observó que los maestros de educación primaria y secundaria mantenían una imagen menos negativa de los usuarios de drogas que los de bachillerato. Los tres grupos difirieron respecto de la percepción del usuario como una persona que puede actuar de manera desviada, así como en cuanto a determinadas causas de la conducta adictiva. Igualmente, se observaron diferencias significativas en los componentes afectivos de la actitud. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos indican la conveniencia de promover la difusión de información objetiva acerca del uso de sustancias como problema psicosocial y de salud pública con el fin de impulsar la modificación de actitudes estereotipadas y la adopción de medidas escolares acordes con un adecuado abordaje del usuario de drogas.
其他摘要:Objective. To identify, correlate and comparison of the attitudes that the educative personnel of different educative levels (basic, media basic and media superior) adopt, to the young drug user students, their perception, the affection that they experience and the disposition to act respect to this problematic. Material and Methods. There was a Cross-sectional, correlational, comparative study, ex post facto with a non probabilistic sample of 1 670 people. An autoaplicable questionnaire with four areas (sociodemographic, cognitive, affective and connotative) was developed to measure the attitudes that the teachers present in relation to the student user of drugs. This questionnaire showed good levels of confiability and validity. Results. In general there were small correlations, but relevant between the attitudinal components. There were significative differences in diverse factors between the groups. The most important ones were that teachers from basic level were more tolerant to the use of drugs than the teachers of media basic and media superior, because they considered them less problematic. The three groups differed in perceiving the teenagers as a person that can act in a deviated mode, as well as curiosity, laziness, and imitation as a cause of addictive behavior and affective components. There were no relevant differences in social vulnerability in the groups. Conclusions. It's necessary to promote the diffusion of objective information about the use of drugs as a psychosocial and public health problem, in order to modify the stereotyped perceptions that educative personnel have about the teenager user, directing them to the use of protective factors instead of repressive measures that generally give inadequate results.
关键词:Uso de drogas; disposición conductualDrug abuse; conductual disposition