其他摘要：Psychoanalysis, considered from the stand-point of scientific methodology, fails in all its stages: uncontrolled observation, wrong induction, and non verifiable and/or not verified hypothesis. Psychoanalysis is not a science, not even a system of scientíñc ideas. Because psychoanalysis does not use scientific method it becomes a confused doctrine applicable to all events. Though psychoanalysis is not a scientific theory, it is dealt with as it was, and its more basic "axioms" are arialysedin order to its "explanation". It is a neuropbysiologieal "theory" oí behavior rather than a psychologieal one. It basicaly cIaims that nervous system is a suppressive apparatus of stimulation. "Instinctive" stimulation cannot be suppressed easíly; hence the main importance of ínstinct in this "theory". Instinctive "energy" is the "psychical energy" of the individual, its "motive force. This "energy" is not neurophysiological since it can go out of the individual and be placed on external objects to him
