The aim of this paper was to present the main features of spatial redistribution of the population in the Belgrade region in the period from 1971 to 2011, by following the ratio between natural and migration components of population change in residential areas. The analysis was conducted using the modified Clarke’s model. According to the 2011 Census, the Belgrade region is inhabited by 1,659,440 residents living in 157 settlements. As the most developed part of Serbia, for a long time Belgrade has been the destination of the majority of those who changed their place of permanent residence within national boundaries. During the observed forty-year period, the immigration significance of certain settlements in Belgrade region changed in accordance with the socio-economic and demographic circumstances. This paper explores how the type of the population dynamics of settlements transformed, the most important changes and new problems that have arisen concerning the settlement structure in the Belgrade region.