This paper analyses the differential mortality in Vojvodina according to the economic activity and occupations of the population. The analysis covers the period from 1971 to 2011. The aim of the research is to determine the influence of socio-economic factors on differences in the level of mortality among different population groups. In particular, the aim is to detect the impact of working conditions and manner of performing the job to the differences in the mortality of the population with different occupations. Also, the goal is to detect changes in differential mortality according to economic activity and occupations of the population during the analysed period.