Recent technological developments have led to various transformations in the World of Work. The current study aims to verify whether undergraduate medical education prepares future physicians to deal with the influences of the World of Work on their professional practice. A quantitative/qualitative study was carried out with medical residents recently graduated from various medical schools. Twenty-six residents answered a questionnaire, and ten were interviewed. We observed a gap in this issue during graduate training. In their early medical careers, residents experienced difficulties in clearly characterizing their various types of labor relations and job situations. They also reported the need to hold multiple jobs in health services and an emphasis on specialized practice in the medical profession. The residents associated higher pay with specialization, work in private offices, and performance of specific procedures. They expressed positive expectations as to their future in the profession. They authors recommend some form of systematic approach by medical students to the economic and labor-related aspects of the World of Work, in order for young physicians to enter their careers with greater awareness of what lays ahead.