PURPOSE: to know the index of babies who failed in the EOAET diagnosis process in the Universal Neonatal Auditory Scan Program of an public hospital in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: the sample is composed of 1146 protocols of babies evaluated in the Universal Neonatal Auditory Scan Program in this hospital, in the period of July 2007 to April 2008. RESULTS: Universal Neonatal Auditory Scan presented effectiveness of 69.4%, although the retest of the babies that failed in the EOAET diagnosis have shown that the success in the follow up process goes down significantly. From the total of the sample, 11 babies were suspected to have auditory loss and four had some alteration. CONCLUSION: data suggesting that the program needs to be improved.