This paper analyzes which of the possible public health models could contribute to an understanding of human rabies outbreaks transmitted by bats. First, we present a short review of the most common pertinent models. Second, we present an investigation of a human rabies outbreak transmitted by bats based on the socio-epidemiological model. The same outbreak is analyzed again using the complex system theory as a theoretical framework, as both a theoretical-practical exercise seeking an approximation to this theory and a model to study this problem.