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  • 标题:What Are Ecosystem Services? The Need for Standardized Environmental Accounting Units
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Boyd, James ; Banzhaf, H. Spencer
  • 期刊名称:Journal of Agribusiness
  • 印刷版ISSN:0738-8950
  • 出版年度:2006
  • 期号:suppl
  • 出版社:Journal of Agribusiness
  • 摘要:This paper advocates consistently defined units of account to measure the contributions of nature to human welfare. We argue that such units have to date not been defined by environmental accounting advocates and that the term "ecosystem services" is too ad hoc to be of practical use in welfare accounting. We propose a definition, rooted in economic principles, of ecosystem service units. A goal of these units is comparability with the definition of conventional goods and services found in GDP and the other national accounts. We illustrate our definition of ecological units of account with concrete examples. We also argue that these same units of account provide an architecture for environmental performance measurement by governments, conservancies, and environmental markets.
  • 关键词:environmental accounting;ecosystem services;index theory;nonmarket valuation
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