摘要：Socialists all over the world have shown increasing interest in the workings of the Yugoslav (Jugoslav) economy in recent years. The discrediting of Stalinism and a growing appreciation of the economic and political problems of the bureaucratic State have focused attention on the techniques of decentralization that the Yugoslavs have been practising since the break with the Soviet Union in 1948. Today the Yugoslav "model" arouses envy in may parts of Eastern Europe as well as alarm in China. Not all economists in the Socialist countries are impressed, however. A current joke among economists in Poland runs : "What is Yugoslavia? It is the place where the last Stalinist died". The "Stalinism" of Yugoslavia, according to these Poles, is the semi-religious role played by the price mechanism ("law of value") in all Yugoslav discussions and policy-decisions. It is certainly true that most of the enthusiasts for workers control, non-bureaucratic planning and self-management have failed to question the assumption of Yugoslav political and economic writers that "real" prices are determined by a largely free competitive set of market forces. In the same way as the system of prices in a capitalist economy is arbitrary and often unconnected with the assumed efficiency of market forces, so a close examination of the Yugoslav economy would reveal the presence of a high degree of monopoly in price structures which are real only in the sense that they are arbitrary.
其他摘要：Socialists all over the world have shown increasing interest in the workings of the Yugoslav (Jugoslav) economy in recent years. The discrediting of Stalinism and a growing appreciation of the economic and political problems of the bureaucratic State have focused attention on the techniques of decentralization that the Yugoslavs have been practising since the break with the Soviet Union in 1948. Today the Yugoslav "model" arouses envy in may parts of Eastern Europe as well as alarm in China. Not all economists in the Socialist countries are impressed, however. A current joke among economists in Poland runs : "What is Yugoslavia? It is the place where the last Stalinist died". The "Stalinism" of Yugoslavia, according to these Poles, is the semi-religious role played by the price mechanism ("law of value") in all Yugoslav discussions and policy-decisions. It is certainly true that most of the enthusiasts for workers control, non-bureaucratic planning and self-management have failed to question the assumption of Yugoslav political and economic writers that "real" prices are determined by a largely free competitive set of market forces. In the same way as the system of prices in a capitalist economy is arbitrary and often unconnected with the assumed efficiency of market forces, so a close examination of the Yugoslav economy would reveal the presence of a high degree of monopoly in price structures which are real only in the sense that they are arbitrary.
